(English_(UK)_MFA_dictionary_v2_2_1)=
# English (UK) MFA dictionary v2.2.1

``````{dictionary} English (UK) MFA dictionary v2.2.1
:id: "English (UK) MFA dictionary v2_2_1"
:tags: English;MFA;IPA
:language: "English"
:dialect: UK
:layout: mfa
:template: dictionary_template
:phoneset: "MFA"
:license: "CC BY 4.0"

   ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v2.2.1/README.md
    :start-after: "## Dictionary details"
    :end-before: "## Installation"
   ```

   ```{admonition} G2P models
   * {ref}`english_(uk)_mfa_g2p_model_v2_2_1`
   ```

``````

```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v2.2.1/README.md
:start-after: "new)."
```

## IPA Charts

### Consonants

Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered

* - Manner
  - Labial
  - Labiodental
  - Dental
  - Alveolar
  - Alveopalatal
  - Palatal
  - Velar
  - Glottal
* - {manner}`Nasal`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * m
        * Occurrences: 15,537
        * Examples
          * stum: [s t ɐ m]
          * proem: [p ɹ əw ə m]
          * matty: [m a tʲ i]
          * mohur: [m əw h ə]
      * mʲ
        * Occurrences: 3,401
        * Examples
          * romeo: [ɹ əw mʲ ɪ əw]
          * mitt: [mʲ ɪ t]
          * ming: [mʲ ɪ ŋ]
          * barmy: [b ɑː mʲ i]
      * m̩
        * Occurrences: 3
        * Examples
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɱ
        * Occurrences: 1
        * Examples
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * n
        * Occurrences: 31,578
        * Examples
          * brine: [b ɹ aj n]
          * unto: [ɐ n tʰ ʊ]
          * snart: [s n ɑː t]
          * ripon: [ɹ ɪ pʰ ɒ n]
      * n̩
        * Occurrences: 166
        * Examples
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɲ
        * Occurrences: 5,942
        * Examples
          * fungi: [f ɐ ɲ ɟ iː]
          * nake: [ɲ ej k]
          * muni: [mʲ ʉː ɲ i]
          * nero: [ɲ iː ɹ əw]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ŋ
        * Occurrences: 5,983
        * Examples
          * chang: [tʃ a ŋ]
          * jang: [dʒ a ŋ]
          * crunk: [k ɹ ɐ ŋ k]
          * aging: [ej dʒ ɪ ŋ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Stop`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * p
        * Occurrences: 8,959
        * Examples
          * plow: [p l aw]
          * nopal: [n əw p ə ɫ]
          * helps: [h ɛ ɫ p s]
          * clap: [c ʎ a p]
    * voiced
      * b
        * Occurrences: 10,188
        * Examples
          * jibs: [dʒ ɪ b z]
          * barb: [b ɑː b]
          * urban: [ɜː b ə n]
          * bunny: [b ɐ ɲ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t̪
        * Occurrences: 69
        * Examples
    * voiced
      * d̪
        * Occurrences: 66
        * Examples
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * t
        * Occurrences: 20,007
        * Examples
          * juts: [dʒ ɐ t s]
          * storm: [s t ɒː m]
          * pesto: [pʰ ɛ s t əw]
          * utter: [ɐ t ə]
    * voiced
      * d
        * Occurrences: 15,499
        * Examples
          * qaeda: [cʰ ʉː ej d ə]
          * hamid: [h a mʲ ɪ d]
          * domal: [d əw m ə ɫ]
          * breda: [b ɹ ej d ɑː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * c
        * Occurrences: 3,790
        * Examples
          * wiki: [w ɪ c i]
          * skene: [s c iː ɲ i]
          * porky: [pʰ ɒː c i]
          * pinky: [pʰ ɪ ɲ c i]
    * voiced
      * ɟ
        * Occurrences: 1,666
        * Examples
          * algae: [a ɫ ɟ i]
          * get: [ɟ ɪ t]
          * glean: [ɟ ʎ iː n]
          * gyoza: [ɟ əw z ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * k
        * Occurrences: 13,330
        * Examples
          * exon: [ɛ k s ə n]
          * atka: [ɑː t k ə]
          * dafuq: [d ə f ɐ k]
          * fatx: [f a tʰ ɛ k s]
    * voiced
      * ɡ
        * Occurrences: 5,687
        * Examples
          * bugan: [b ɐ ɡ ə n]
          * gowns: [ɡ aw n z]
          * gabon: [ɡ ə b ɒ n]
          * gup: [ɡ ɐ p]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʔ
        * Occurrences: 482
        * Examples
          * spot: [s p ɒ ʔ]
          * hat: [h a ʔ]
          * item: [aj ʔ ə m]
          * flat: [f l a ʔ]
    ```
* - {manner}`Affricate`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * tʃ
        * Occurrences: 2,884
        * Examples
          * dutch: [d ɐ tʃ]
          * cho: [tʃ əw]
          * tree: [tʃ iː]
          * botch: [b ɒ tʃ]
    * voiced
      * dʒ
        * Occurrences: 4,803
        * Examples
          * jima: [dʒ ɪ m ə]
          * dpg: [dʲ iː pʰ iː dʒ iː]
          * gmpp: [dʒ iː ɛ m pʰ iː pʰ iː]
          * jeter: [dʒ iː t ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Sibilant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * s
        * Occurrences: 32,893
        * Examples
          * syn: [s ɪ n]
          * son: [s ɒ n]
          * sata: [s ej t ə]
          * json: [dʒ ej s ə n]
    * voiced
      * z
        * Occurrences: 13,431
        * Examples
          * crows: [k ɹ əw z]
          * noisy: [n ɔj z i]
          * aegis: [iː dʒ ɪ dʲ iː z]
          * gobs: [ɡ ɒ b z]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ʃ
        * Occurrences: 6,485
        * Examples
          * shish: [ʃ ɪ ʃ]
          * ghosh: [ɡ əw ʃ]
          * apish: [ej p ɪ ʃ]
          * shad: [ʃ a d]
    * voiced
      * ʒ
        * Occurrences: 496
        * Examples
          * ezhes: [ɛ ʒ ɪ z]
          * zhe: [ʒ iː]
          * zhuzh: [ʒ ʊ ʒ]
          * azul: [a ʒ ɒː ɫ]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Fricative`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * f
        * Occurrences: 7,323
        * Examples
          * fock: [f ɒ k]
          * smurf: [s m ɜː f]
          * morph: [m ɒː f]
          * skift: [s c ɪ f t]
      * fʲ
        * Occurrences: 2,184
        * Examples
          * fuchs: [fʲ ʉː k s]
          * cafe: [kʰ a fʲ i]
          * fios: [fʲ ɪ s]
          * beefy: [bʲ iː fʲ i]
      * fʷ
        * Occurrences: 3
        * Examples
          * fwoom: [fʷ ʉː m]
    * voiced
      * v
        * Occurrences: 6,134
        * Examples
          * veils: [v ej ɫ z]
          * rival: [ɹ aj v ə ɫ]
          * have: [h a v]
          * voted: [v əw tʲ ɪ d]
      * vʲ
        * Occurrences: 546
        * Examples
          * mvp: [ɛ m vʲ iː pʰ iː]
          * vila: [vʲ iː l ə]
          * mtv: [ɛ m tʰ iː vʲ iː]
          * cofe: [s iː ə vʲ iː]
      * vʷ
        * Occurrences: 8
        * Examples
          * vworp: [vʷ ɒː p]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * θ
        * Occurrences: 2,359
        * Examples
          * thor: [θ ɒː]
          * thoth: [θ əw θ]
          * athos: [a θ ɒ s]
          * dryth: [d ɹ aj θ]
    * voiced
      * ð
        * Occurrences: 525
        * Examples
          * lithe: [l aj ð]
          * with: [w ɪ ð]
          * those: [ð əw z]
          * oaths: [əw ð z]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * ç
        * Occurrences: 918
        * Examples
          * hyp: [ç ɪ p]
          * heal: [ç iː ɫ]
          * hiply: [ç ɪ p ʎ i]
          * hits: [ç ɪ t s]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * voiceless
      * h
        * Occurrences: 3,523
        * Examples
          * hope: [h əw p]
          * haut: [h ɒː t]
          * behan: [b ə h ɑː n]
          * hells: [h ɛ ɫ z]
    ```
* - {manner}`Approximant`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * w
        * Occurrences: 3,790
        * Examples
          * noir: [n w ɑː]
          * swalk: [s w ɒː ɫ k]
          * wiley: [w aj ʎ i]
          * woy: [w ɔj]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ɹ
        * Occurrences: 25,101
        * Examples
          * ruga: [ɹ ʉː ɡ ə]
          * sari: [s ɑː ɹ i]
          * eric: [ɛ ɹ ɪ k]
          * hijra: [ç ɪ dʒ ɹ ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * j
        * Occurrences: 1,367
        * Examples
          * yup: [j ɐ p]
          * yelps: [j ɛ ɫ p s]
          * ukase: [j ʉː cʰ ej z]
          * utica: [j ʉː tʲ ɪ k ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - {manner}`Lateral`
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * l
        * Occurrences: 11,706
        * Examples
          * luo: [l ʉː əw]
          * lesbo: [l ɛ z b əw]
          * lyne: [l aj n]
          * alary: [ej l ə ɹ i]
      * ɫ
        * Occurrences: 10,371
        * Examples
          * diels: [d aj ə ɫ z]
          * mohel: [m ɔj ə ɫ]
          * elcic: [iː ɛ ɫ s iː aj s iː]
          * smile: [s m aj ə ɫ]
      * ɫ̩
        * Occurrences: 142
        * Examples
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * other
      * ʎ
        * Occurrences: 8,151
        * Examples
          * hilly: [ç ɪ ʎ i]
          * gully: [ɡ ɐ ʎ i]
          * limp: [ʎ ɪ m p]
          * cilia: [s ɪ ʎ i ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
``````


### Vowels

Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded.

``````{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:stub-columns: 1
:class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered

* -
  - Front
  - Near-Front
  - Central
  - Near-Back
  - Back
* - Close
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * i
        * Occurrences: 12,244
        * Examples
          * anti: [a n tʲ i]
          * pory: [pʰ ɒː ɹ i]
          * filmy: [fʲ ɪ ɫ mʲ i]
          * loewy: [l ʉː i]
      * iː
        * Occurrences: 8,874
        * Examples
          * vth: [vʲ iː tʰ iː ej tʃ]
          * pmee: [pʰ iː mʲ iː]
          * plea: [p ʎ iː]
          * kiwis: [cʰ iː w i z]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ʉ
        * Occurrences: 816
        * Examples
          * lujvo: [l ʉ ʒ v əw]
          * uluru: [ʉː l ʉ ɹ ʉː]
          * umar: [ʉ m ɑː]
          * bellu: [b ɛ ʎ ʉ]
      * ʉː
        * Occurrences: 5,753
        * Examples
          * vroom: [v ɹ ʉː m]
          * used: [j ʉː z d]
          * rube: [ɹ ʉː b]
          * goto: [ɡ əw tʰ ʉː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɪ
        * Occurrences: 42,620
        * Examples
          * jilt: [dʒ ɪ ɫ t]
          * inman: [ɪ n m ə n]
          * evade: [ɪ v ej d]
          * neary: [ɲ ɪ ə ɹ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * rounded
      * ʊ
        * Occurrences: 2,937
        * Examples
          * shula: [ʃ ʊ l ə]
          * quran: [kʰ ʊ ə n]
          * unken: [ʊ ŋ k ə n]
          * kure: [kʰ ʊ ə]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Close-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * e
        * Occurrences: 1
        * Examples
      * ej
        * Occurrences: 10,077
        * Examples
          * kate: [cʰ ej t]
          * aging: [ej dʒ ɪ ŋ]
          * fady: [f ej dʲ i]
          * gays: [ɡ ej z]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ə
        * Occurrences: 52,861
        * Examples
          * basta: [b a s t ə]
          * who: [d ɐ b ə ʎ ʉː ej tʃ əw]
          * cowra: [kʰ aw ɹ ə]
          * atom: [a t ə m]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open-Mid
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɛ
        * Occurrences: 15,191
        * Examples
          * never: [n ɛ v ə]
          * ident: [aj d ɛ n t]
          * sql: [ɛ s c ʉː ɛ ɫ]
          * efta: [ɛ f tʰ ɑː]
      * ɛː
        * Occurrences: 1,047
        * Examples
          * arian: [ɛː ɹ i ə n]
          * khene: [cʰ ɛː n]
          * share: [ʃ ɛː]
          * hare: [h ɛː]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɜ
        * Occurrences: 190
        * Examples
          * furor: [fʲ ɜ ɹ ə]
          * wirth: [w ɜ θ]
          * herzl: [h ɜ t s ə ɫ]
          * turku: [tʰ ɜ k ʉː]
      * ɜː
        * Occurrences: 3,196
        * Examples
          * merle: [m ɜː ɫ]
          * verst: [v ɜː s t]
          * birsy: [b ɜː s i]
          * curio: [cʰ ɜː ɹ i əw]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* -
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɐ
        * Occurrences: 6,301
        * Examples
          * govvy: [ɡ ɐ vʲ i]
          * sough: [s ɐ f]
          * nandi: [n ɐ n dʲ i]
          * sufi: [s ɐ fʲ i]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
* - Open
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * a
        * Occurrences: 14,077
        * Examples
          * ratt: [ɹ a t]
          * knap: [n a p]
          * badly: [b a dʲ ʎ i]
          * imax: [aj m a k s]
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    ```
  - ```{ipa_cell}
    * unrounded
      * ɑ
        * Occurrences: 737
        * Examples
          * rohan: [ɹ əw h ɑ n]
          * vann: [v ɑ n]
          * waag: [w ɑ ɡ]
          * baca: [b ə kʰ ɑ]
      * ɑː
        * Occurrences: 5,483
        * Examples
          * maar: [m ɑː]
          * douar: [d ʉː ɑː]
          * varna: [v ɑː n ə]
          * nazir: [n ɑː z ɪ ə]
    * rounded
      * ɒ
        * Occurrences: 10,048
        * Examples
          * oka: [ɒ k ə]
          * onto: [ɒ n tʰ ʉː]
          * boron: [b ɒː ɹ ɒ n]
          * coxa: [kʰ ɒ k s ə]
      * ɒː
        * Occurrences: 4,935
        * Examples
          * warns: [w ɒː n z]
          * malt: [m ɒː ɫ t]
          * mhorr: [m ɒː]
          * vworp: [vʷ ɒː p]
    ```
``````


#### Diphthongs

* {ipa_inline}`aj`
* {ipa_inline}`aw`
* {ipa_inline}`ej`
* {ipa_inline}`ɔj`
* {ipa_inline}`əw`